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An octopus has three hearts. All with jobs to do.

Two hearts serve the gills and one serves the rest of the body: underwater, circulation comes with a division of labour.

An illustrated orange octopus with eight sucker-lined arms above the seabed; three symbolic hearts float above its head.
Positive Times · ImageGen · AI-assisted illustration

An octopus has three hearts with different jobs. Two push blood through the gills, where it picks up oxygen; the third sends it around the rest of the body. They are not three spare copies: they belong to the same circulatory system. A small working group that cannot skip its meeting. [1]

Another surprise: oxygenated blood is blue. The oxygen carrier is haemocyanin, a protein containing copper, rather than our iron-containing haemoglobin. Three hearts and different chemistry: before inventing an extraterrestrial, it is worth taking a look beneath the sea. [2]

Take this with youRemember: two hearts for the gills, one for the rest of the body.

Read the sources (2)
  1. Octopuses, Squids, and Relatives Smithsonian Ocean · accessed 8 Sept 2026
  2. Octopuses keep surprising us – here are eight examples how Natural History Museum, London · accessed 8 Sept 2026

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