From the archive: the edition of , with the original dates and sources for every story. Read the latest edition.

Music for today ·

Edition of 14 November 2026

N° 062 8 stories to take with you

Perspectives.

ITALY, THE WORLD AND NEW POSSIBILITIES

The glass is half full.
And someone is filling it.

Read our manifesto

Moving forward.

THINGS CHANGE. ONE STORY AT A TIME.

Little Discoveries

A little more to discover.

Design · Philosophy · Plants · Curiosities · Words · Food · Cultures & peoples. Ideas worth a closer look.

Read all 7 discoveries

Original illustrations made with AI assistance. Facts and sources stay in plain sight.

A chart a day

Edition of
R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024: Sweden 3.53%; Germany 3.12%; EU 2.26%, estimated; France 2.18%; Greece 1.53%; Spain 1.50%; Italy 1.41%. Bars start at zero on a zero-to-four-percent scale; reference line at 3%, the EU-level target.Enlarge the chart
Graphics Positive Times · Eurostat data · selection Datobello by gaiaz

Research: a share of GDP

Data period
2024
Datobello chart dated

In 2024, domestic research and development expenditure equalled 3.12% of GDP in Germany and 1.41% in Italy. This compares intensity: Germany’s ratio is about 2.21 times Italy’s, rather than a measure of spending per person. [1]

The selection also includes Sweden (3.53%), France (2.18%), Greece (1.53%) and Spain (1.50%). The EU total is 2.26%, flagged as estimated in the table. The 3% line marks the target set at EU level, not a result achieved across the countries. [1][3]

The indicator covers research performed in the economy by businesses, government, higher education and private non-profit organisations, whatever the funding source. It is not just a public budget measure. The 2024 data were updated on 3 November 2026; the Datobello chart is dated 13 November. Positive Times adaptation; Eurostat is not responsible for it. [2][4][1]

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A project by gaiaz · Instagram

View the sources
  1. GERD by sector of performance — all sectors, percentage of GDP, 2024 Eurostat · No publication date provided · Accessed
  2. Research and development (R&D) — reference metadata Eurostat · Published · Accessed
  3. R&D expenditure — November 2026 data extraction Eurostat · No publication date provided · Accessed
  4. In ricerca la Germania investe più del doppio dell’Italia Datobello · gaiaz · Published · Accessed

That is quite a lot of good for one day.

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